As of 2016 artificially fluoridated water is supplied for over 70% of the population in all states and territories across Australia. Used as an oral health aid fluoridation has been used within our water supplies since 1953, two years after it’s acceptance across the USA. As Australia has warmer climate than North America our recommended levels vary significantly in comparison, with the current recommended amounts within the guidelines set by Australian Drinking Water at a maximum of 1.5mg/L.
Whilst fluoride is universally regarded as great for oral health, helping prevent teeth cavities, there still remains controversy about whether directly ingesting the substance is harmful to our overall health.
In Queensland, the decisions to fluoridate or not has been left to local councils – and some have ditched this practice. Just one third of Queensland’s 77 councils fluoridate at least one of their water supplies and most of those are in the state’s southeast corner.
The vast majority of the vast state has unfluoridated water.
It includes some major regional centres, such as Cairns, Mount Isa, Bundaberg, Gladstone and now Mackay.
Hydroxylapatite, also called hydroxyapatite (HA), is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH), but is usually written Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 to denote that the crystal unit cell comprises two entities. Hydroxylapatite is the hydroxylendmember of the complex apatite group. The OH− ion can be replaced by fluoride, chloride or carbonate, producing fluorapatite or chlorapatite. It crystallizes in the hexagonalcrystal system. Pure hydroxylapatite powder is white. Naturally occurring apatites can, however, also have brown, yellow, or green colourations, comparable to the discolou®rations of dental fluorosis.
Source: Wikipedia.
It is one of the most effective adsorbents of fluoride with much faster reaction times than Activated Alumina.
The defluoridation capacity of NEWDEF®1 is about 1~4 mg/g which is higher than normal media in the same conditions. The capacity is changed by different raw water quality including fluoride concentration、 temperature、co-existing ions etc..
Hydroxyapatite Features and Benefits
Figure 1 and Figure 2 demonstrate that the NEWDEF® media have higher performance than other common defluoridation materials under the same conditions. The treated water volume of NEWDEF® is About 5.09—11.7 times of activated alumina and 12.9—23 times of activated clinoptilolite
Comparison of various defluoridation media
Our composite tanks come with Clack and Fleck Automated Backwash Valves .
Clack’s WS1 Automatic valve is a state-of-the-art control head designed for residential and commercial applications requiring flow rates up to 27 GPM(6.1 m3/hr). It has a backwash abilitiy capable of servicing up to 22″ diameter tanks.
The valve acts as a primary center that directs and regulates all cycles of water softening or filtration. It can be set to perform downflow regeneration or simply backwash and rinse. The valve comes in different program versions and is controlled by a solid state microprocessor with front panel setting and screen display. The WS1 has 9 injector sizes to choose from for different draw rates.
Also see Clack is the world’s best control valve :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GBUGivcQ0I
| Weight | 2 kg |
|---|---|
| Dimensions | 25 x 10 x 10 |
| Capacity | WS844, WS1054, WS1354, WS1665 |
